
A JSIMPLK AND HANUY 



STRANGER'S COMPANION, 



NATIONAL CAIM I AI 



SPECIAL EDITION FOR THE INAUGURATION OP 1881. 



W A S H I N 



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STRANGER'S COMPANION, 

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NATIONAL CAPITAL. 



SPECIAL EDITION FOR THE mAUGURATION OP 1881. 



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cor- ^ED BY \ 

J. H SOUC 

Editor of the " United States Gazette 




J. H^SOULE, Publisher, 

WASHINGTON, D. C 

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Entered according to act of Congress, in the year i88i, by 

J. H. SOULE, 
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, Wasliington, D. C. 



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TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



PAGE. 

Clue-Map of Washington. — First page of cover. 

General Account of Washington 7 

The Capitol and Surroundings 9 

Coast-Survey Building 15 

Duddington Manor-House 15 

Providence Hospital 15 

Navy Yard , i6 

Marine Barracks 16 

Congressional Cemetery l6 

United States Jail 16 

Lincoln Square and Statuary 16 

Deaf and Dumb Asylum 16 

Government Printing Office 16 

General Greene's Statue 16 

Naval Monument 17 

Botanic Garden 17 

National Museum 17 

Smithsonian Institution 1 7 

Agricultural Department 18 

Engraving and Printing Bureau 18 

Washington Monument , . 18 

Cai-p Ponds 19 

Treasury Department 19 

President's House 19 

State Department 19 

Navy Department 20 

War Department 20 

Signal Office 20 

(iii) 



IV TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

PAGE. 

Ordnance Museum .... 20 

Van-Ness House 20 

Rawlins Statue 21 

National Observatory 21 

Washington Circle 21 

Georgetown College 21 

Oak Hill Cemetery 21 

Castle Stewart - . 22 

British Legation 22 

Scott Statue 22 

Louise Home ... 22 

Thomas Statue 23 

Franklin Square and School 23 

McPherson Statue 23 

Farragut Statue 23 

Corcoran Art Gallery 23 

Lafayette Square 23 

Department of Justice 24 

x\rmy Medical Museum 24 

Patent Office 24 

Dead Letter Office 25 

Central Market 25 

Government Insane Asylum 25 

Mount Olivet Cemeteiy 25 

Reform School 25 

Bladensburg Battle and Dueling Grounds 26 

Howard University 26 

Soldiers' Home and Cemetery 26 

Rock Creek Church 26 

Cabin-John Bridge 27 

Great Falls of the Potomac 27 

Arlington 27 

Signal Camp 27 

Alexandria 27 

Mount Vernon 28 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. V 

PAGH. 

Railroads 28 

Steamboat Lines 28 

Street-car Lines 29 

Hotels 30 

Churches 32 

Places of Amusement 33 



OJ 



Societies 

Prominent Residents from Various States 35 

Presidential Inaugurations from Washington to Hayes. 40 



GENERAL ACCQONT OF WASHINGTON. 



Washington is a post-office, railroad, and steamboat 
town, with 148,000 inhabitants, situated upon the left bank 
of the Potomac river, at its junction with the Anacostia. It 
became the capital of the United States in the year 1800, 
and its site was selected by President Washington, and its 
plan designed by a French engineer of the Revolutionary 
aiTny, with exclusive reference to its becoming the seat of 
government of a great and rich nation. It has no interest 
nor importance, considered apart from its being the national 
capital. 

The site of Washington was formerly a part of the State 
of Maryland, but ever since its selection for national pur- 
poses it has been included in the limits of the District of 
Columbia, a piece of territory set off from that State for 
Federal uses, and belonging and subject wholly to the Fed- 
eral government. The ancient borough of Georgetown, 
now having a population of 12,500, is a part of the same 
District, and is only separated from Washington by name 
and by a narrow stream, called Rock Creek. The rest of 
the District is made up of the small villages of Brightwood, 
Ivy City, Mount Pleasant, Tennallytown, and Uniontown, 
and of agricultural lands, and has a population of nearly 
18,000. The total population is 178,000, and the whole 
District is governed by a Board of Commissioners appointed 
by the President of the United States, with the consent of 
the Senate. The Federal government owns about one-half, 
in value, of the real property within the District, and pays 
from the national treasury one-half the cost of tlie local gov- 
ernment. 

(7; 



8 GENERAL ACCOUNT OF WASHINGTON. 

The south front of the city is bounded by the Potomac 
river ; its east front by the Anacostia ; and its north and 
west fronts by picturesque ranges of hills. The streets are 
run due north and south and east and west, and broad ave- 
nues are struck across these streets at various angles and 
from numerous centres, for purposes of governmental con- 
venience and architectural effect. 

In addition to the natural beauty of its site and surround- 
ings, and its healthy and moderate climate, Washington is 
noted for the grandeur of the public buildings, the width, 
smootliness, and cleanliness of the principal streets, the 
number and beauty of its parks, the extent of its orna- 
mental herbage and foliage, the number of its statues and 
fountains, and the abundance of its water-supply. The 
general style of living is leisurely and comfortable ; educa- 
tion is abundantly provided and keenly appreciated; tlie 
averao-e of culture and intelligence is veiy high, and social 
life of a distinctive and piquant character. Large contin- 
gents of foreign diplomats, of highly-trained army and 
navy officers, of scientists in the service of the government, 
of administrative experts, of journalists and lawyers attracted 
by the presence of the government, and of publicists in 
Congress, give a peculiar tone and coloring to what is called 
"Society." 

The " distance point" of Washington is the Capitol, the 
principal front of which faces tnie to the east, and which is 
discernible from almost eveiy part of the city, by reason of 
its lofty dome, topped by a gi-eat bronze statue representing 
" Freedom." 

The city lies mainly to the northwestward of the Capitol, 
and the chief thoroughfare is Pennsylvania Avenue, from 
the west gate of the Capitol to the Treasury, a distance of 
about one mile. 

The hotel, boarding-house, and dining-room accommoda- 



DIAGRAM 

OF 

The Capitol. 



1 Discovery of America. 
3 Settlement of Axuerica. 

3 Peace. 

4 War. 

5 Brouze-Door of Capitol. 
C ytaii'way to l>ume. 

7 Speaker's Desk. 
S Speaker's Room, 
i/ Teuiussee Mai-ble Stair- 
way. 

10 ilarljle Stairway to 

Lciitzo's Fi-esco. 

11 liooiii directly over 

Commii tee -Room of 
Afjriculture. 

12 llooni directlj' over 

Senate Militaiy Com- 
mittee Room. 

13 Room directly over 

Senate Naval - Com- 
mittee-Room. 

11 Room of Senate Com- 
mittee on Indian Af- 
fairs directly beneath 
this part of coi-ridor. 

IJ Decorated coiTldor be- 
neath this one, on 
floor below. 

16 President's Room, 

17 Marble Room. 

18 Vice-President's Room. 
li» Ladies' Reception - 

Room. 

20 Senate Post Office. 

21 Senate Bronze-Door. 

'i'i Marble Stairway to 
Powell's Paintinff. 

83 Marble Stairway to 
Walker's Painting. 

24 Bronze-Rail Stairvvavs. 

25 Room wherein John 

Quincy Adams died. 

20 Ea.^tern Steps, facing 
CJreenouKh's Wash- 
ington and Broui;e 
Lamps. 

27 Staircase leading to 
Western Steps, Penu- 
isylvania Avenne, Bo- 
tanic Curden, etc. 




P " i " "l i^ REPRESENTATIVES P" 

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THE CAPITOL. 9 

tion of Washington is unsurpassed in quantity, and the 
quality is generally fair, and much of it excellent. 

Washington is a station on the great highways between 
North and Soutii, East and West, and therefore especially 
convenient as a stop-over point to travelers desiring to visit 
it while on a through journey. 



jVote. — The contents of the book and the clue-map arc 
arranged upon the idea of a tourist beginning at the east 
front of the Capitol and taking a route which will bring 
him in succession to every place of interest, without retrac- 
ing his steps at any point. The visitor will find an opera 
or field glass very useful. 

THE CAPITOL. 

The visitor will make his way to that front of the Capi- 
tol where he can stand by the seated statue of Washington, 
and face the figure above the dome. Observe on the left 
the House wing, of white marble from Massachusetts. 
Observe directly in front the central building, of painted 
sandstone, surmounted by an iron and glass dome, a lantern, 
and a bronze statue, eighteen feet high, representing Free- 
dom, designed by Crawford. Observe above the middle 
portico a small group of statuary, representing tlie Genius 
of America ; tlie central figure being America, tlie one on 
her left Hope, and the other Justice. Observe on one side 
of the steps a marble group by Persico, representing the 
Discovery of America; Columbus holding aloft a globe, 
while beside him cowers an Indian girl. Observe on the 
opposite side a group by Greenough, representing the Settle- 
ment of America ; a frontiersman preventing the massacre 
of his wife and child by an Indian brave. Observe to the 
right the Senate wing of the building, with a group of 
statuaiy by Crawford over the portico, representing the 



12 THE CAPITOL. 

the iantern and the statue of Freedom, and has a grand 
view of the city and its environs. To the southward, down 
the river, is Alexandria ; to tlie westward, across the river, 
the white pillars of Arlington House ; to the southeastward, 
across tlie Anacostia, the Insane Asylum; to the northwest- 
ward, the Soldiers' Home, Howard University, and George- 
town College. 

The visitor will now descend the stairway to the Rotunda 
floor again, and then pass out beneath Daniel Boone and 
the Indians and along a short vestibule, when he will come 
to the Statuary Hail, formerly the Hall of Representatives. 
This chamber is modeled after an ancient Grecian theatre. 
Observe the pillars of Potomac marble. Observe the mar- 
ble clock by Franzoni, representing History seated in the 
Car of Time. Observe the statues of Governor King, of 
Maine ; Ethan Allen, of Vermont ; John Winthrop and Samuel 
Adams, of Massachusetts;. Alexander Hamilton, George 
Clinton and Robert R. Livingston, New York; General 
Greene and Roger Williams, Rhode Island; Jonathan 
Trumbull and Roger Sherman, Connecticut ; Colonel Baker, 
of Oregon; the famous bronze Jefferson, by David of An- 
gers; Houdon's Washington, Vinnie Ream's Abraham 
Lincoln (cost ^15,000), and two or three busts. 

Pass out of Statuary Hall and along a corridor, and come 
to the new Hall of Representatives, This chamber is 139 
feet long, 93 feet wide, and 36 feet high, vvrith iron ceiling 
and painted glass skylight. 

Observe the beautiful marble desk of the Speaker, the 
portraits of Washington and Lafayette on either side of the 
chair, also the Canon of King's River and the Discovery 
of the Fludson, by Bierstadt, and Washington at Yorktown, 
by Brumidi. Note the Speaker's room, a handsome apart- 
ment, to the left and rear of the Representatives' chamber. 

Pass out of the Hall of Representatives by the door to 



THE CAPITOL. 1 3 

the right of the Speaker, turn to the left, and see, up a 
Tennessee marble stairway, Troye's portrait of General 
Scott, and at the foot of the stairs, Powers' statue of Jeffer- 
son. Come back to the hall, and pass out of the door to 
the left of the Speaker, turn to the right, and see, up an- 
other marble stairway, Leutze's fresco of an Emigrant 
Train Crossing the Rocky Mountains, with a view of the 
entrance to San Francisco harbor beneath it. At the foot of 
the stairs, observe a bronze bust of the Chippewa chief 
Buffalo, from life. 

Descend from here to the floor below, and examine Bru- 
midi's frescoes in the room of the Committee on Agricul- 
ture. This committee-room lies in the west end of the 
building. 

Proceed eastward on the same floor, turn to the left in 
a wide, pillared corridor, and reach the Crypt, an apart- 
ment beneath the Rotunda, with numerous pillars to sup- 
port the floor above. Beneath the star in the pavement is 
a tomb, at one time intended for the remains of Washing- 
ton and his wife. Proceed along, still northwardly, and 
come at last, by turning to the left, to various committee 
rooms of the Senate, richly frescoed. Observe particularly 
the rooms of the committees on Military, Naval and Indian 
Affairs. Observe also the elaborate decorations of the 
walls of the corridors hereabouts. While here, descend to 
the cellar floor, and inspect the Senate heating and venti- 
lating apparatus. Return to the door of the House Com- 
mittee on Agriculture, and from that locality descend to 
the cellar floor and inspect the House heating and ventilat- 
ing apparatus. Now get back to the Rotunda. 

Leave the Rotunda again by the door beneath Penn and 
the Indians, and proceed around an oval vestibule till, on 
the right, the door of the Supreme Court room is reached. 
This is the old Senate Chamber. Leaving it, and continu- 



1 6 OBJECTS EAST OF THE CAPITOL. 

Stevens when leader of Congress. A little northeast of 
Ducldington ; 2d and D streets. 

Navy- Yard. — Southeast of the Capitol, foot of 8th 
street, on Anacostia river. Make tour oT the workshops, 
inspect the museum, and visit ship-houses and monitors. 

Marine Barracks. — A little way up 8th street, from 
Navy- Yard gate. Visit the armory. 

Congressional Cemetery. — Go up 8th street, from 
Marine Barracks to E street, then turn to right and continue 
to 19th street. Observe monument to young women killed 
by Arsenal explosion during war. Observe monuments to 
VV^illiam Wirt, Elbridge Gerry, and George Clinton. Many 
interesting graves are here, also some 150 memorial tombs 
of members of Congress dying in office. 

New Jail. — A little north of Congressional Cemeteiy, 
along 19th street. Apply to warden for objects of interest. 

Lincoln Square. — From jail, go along Massachusetts 
Avenue towards Capitol, till this park is reached. Observe 
famous bronze group of " Emancipation." 

Deaf and Dumb Institution. — From Lincoln Square, 
advance tov\fards the Capitol, but at 7th street turn to the 
right, and proceed to M street. Apply at door for informa- 
tion as to objects of interest. 

Government Printing Office. — From last-named 
place, retrace steps to H street, then turn to right and go, in 
direction of Capitol, to North Capitol street. This is the 
largest printing house in the world, and full of interest. 
Apply to watchman at any door for admission. 

Statue of General Greene. — From last-named place, 
proceed towards Capitol, along North Capitol or ist street, to 
Massachusetts Avenue; then turn to left and advance four 
or five squares. H. K. Browne, sculptor. 



SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. I 7 

Return now to Capitol, and proceed to northwest part 
of grounds, at Pennsylvania Avenue. 

Naval Monument, — A large marble group by Sim- 
mons, standing in Pennsylvania Avenue, to the rear and 
somewhat to the left of the Capitol. The upper figures 
represent America and History. The figure below repre- 
sents Victory ; the two statuettes. Mars (standing for the 
marine corps) and Neptune (standing for the navy proper). 
The figure at the back is Peace. 

Botanic Garden. — Situated to the left and front of the 
naval monument, with entrance opposite Capitol grounds. 
Observe the large Bartholdi fountain, from the Centennial 
exhibition, and the rare collection of tropical and sub- 
tropical plants*' in the great conservatory, especially the 
banana, camphor, bread, india-rubber, bamboo, coffee, and 
cinnamon trees. 

National Museum. — A large, new, and handsome 
building, just erected to contain and exhibit the collections 
presented to the United States by foreign governments ex- 
hibiting at Philadelphia in 1876. It will not be fitted up 
for that purpose till after the Inauguration Ball has been 
held in it on the night of March 4th, 1881. Leave the 
Botanic Garden by the gate furthest from the Capitol, and 
proceed straight across the park in front towards a larg° 
brown building, with many towers. 

Smithsonian Institution. — This is the many-towered 
building just mentioned, the two structures being close 
together. It was founded by the bequest of James Smith- 
son, a wealthy and eccentric Englishman, (who died in 
1828,) for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among 
men. The United States government is the trustee of the 
fund, and the trust is managed by a Board, of which the 
President, Vice-President and heads of departments are 
2 



1-8 WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 

always members. General Sherman and Professors Noah 
Porter, Asa Gray and Heniy Coppee, are also members of 
the board. The institution is devoted to original research 
in all branches of science, and it also manages the national 
museum belonging to and supported by tlie government. 
Both the outside and inside of the building are worth close 
inspection. The surrounding park was wholly designed 
and partly laid out by Andrew Jackson Downing, a famous 
landscape gardener, (whose memorial vase is to be seen in 
the part towards the Capitol), and is much lauded for 
stateliness and beauty. Observe the ancient sarcophagus 
by the principal entrance, and note the perfection of the 
sculptures upon it. " The Smithsonian" is one of the 
sights that must not be missed by any visitor, however 
hurried. 

Department of Agriculture. — A large brick building 
to the left of the Smithsonian — that is, further away from 
the Capitol. Visit the museum, the conservatory and the 
gardens, and note the handsome little fountain to the rear 
of the building, and the lane of box-hedge at the near end 
of the conservatoi-y. 

Bureau of Engraving and Printing. — A large, 
prominent building to the left and rear of the Agricultural 
Department, two squares distant. The various processes 
of engraving and printing the " greenbacks," bonds, bank 
notes and revenue stamps will be shown and explained to 
the visitor. 

Washington Monument. — A tall, white, square shaft 
to the left and front of the last-named building. In the 
Centennial year. Congress undertook the obligation of fin- 
ishing what private contributions had begun, and the work 
will go on till tiae present height of less than 200 feet is 
increased to upwards of 500 feet. The original foundation 



TREASURY AND WHITE HOUSE. 1 9 

has been strengthened by taking away seven-tenths of the 
soil, and replacing it with concrete, and extending the 
foundation (the extension being also of concrete) to more 
than twice its former size. See the collection of presenta- 
tion stones. 

Carp Ponds. — A collection of ponds, a short distance 
beyond the Monument, for the propogation of the carp as 
a common food-fish of the United States. Professor Baird, 
director of the Smithsonian Institution, is at the head of 
the commission for increasing tlae supply of food-fishes. 

Treasury Department. — A vast, granite building, 
about rive squares to the front and a little to the right of 
the fish-ponds. After leaving the ponds, turn to the right 
and then to the left, going along 15th street. First make a 
complete and watchful circuit of the building outside, and 
then enter (before 2 o'clock p. m.) by the front looking 
towards tlae Washington monument. Inquire of the 
watchman the way to tlie "Cash Room," a beautiful apart- 
ment of marble, and be sure to ascend to the inside gallery, 
above the floor. Read the descriptions of marbles upon 
the hanging boards in the room. Apply to the Treasurer 
or Assistant Treasurer, across the hall, for a permit to the 
vaults. Next inquire for the Redemption Division, which 
visit. See also the counterfeiting curiosities in tlie Secret 
Service office, if possible. 

President's House. — A white mansion to the right of 
the Treasury Building when facing the Monument. Lnter 
by the door beneath a large porch, fronting towards the 
street. See the East room, to the left of diis entrance, and, 
if possible, get a glimpse of the Green, Blue, Red ^nd 
vState-dining rooms, by soliciting the private secretary up 
-lairs. 

State, War and Navy Building. — A vast, lofty and 



20 NEW STATE AND WAR DEPARTMENTS. 

unfinished granite building, standing on the opposite side 
of the President's house from that on which the Treasury- 
stands. Enter by tlae flight of steps looking towards the 
President's house, and on the floor above see the room of 
the Secretary of the Navy, and the Navy Department 
library rooms ; also the collection of portraits in the tem- 
porary apartments of the Secretary of War, and, if possi- 
ble, get a view from the roof of the building. Leave by 
the same door as that entered, and turn to right and walk 
to lower end of building, to gain admission to State 
Department. Here inquire for Declaration of Independ- 
ence, Diplomatic Reception Room, Secretary's room and 
library-room, and, if possible, get a look at some of the 
treaties, with signatures and seals of various sovereigns 
attached. 

Signal Office. — This office is on G street, between 17th 
and 1 8th streets, the State Department being on 17th oppo- 
site F street. Standing at that front of the State Depart- 
ment which faces the Monument, the Signal Office or 
" Weather Bureau" is to the right and rear. Visit the 
instrument room on the upper floor. 

Ordnance Museum. — This interesting room is on the 
second floor of a large white buildmg, corner 17th and F 
streets, diagonally opposite one of the ends of the State De- 
partment. Observe particularly the collection of Confeder- 
ate battle-flags. 

Van-Ness House. — An interesting old mansion on 
17th street, about four squares below the State Departjuent, 
and a little above the left end of the carp ponds. It was 
the homestead of General Van Ness, a distinguished man 
in politics and society soon after the establishment of Wash- 
ington, married to the only child of Farmer Burns, who 
was enriched by the locating of the city upon his farms. 



OnSKKVATORY AND JESUIT COLLEGE. 2 1 

Rawlins Statue. — Go back from the last-named place 
up i/th street, and one square before reaching the State 
Department turn to the left. This statue was made from 
captured cannon, at the expense of General Grant and other 
friends of John A. Rawlins, who shared Grant's company, 
conhdence, and fortunes from the beginning of tlie war to 
the subject's death, in 1869. 

Naval Observatory. — This lies four squares to the right 
of Rawlins Square when facing the Washington monument. 
It was raised to great fame by Lieutenant Maury, who 
joined the Confederate cause in 1 861. It is to be removed 
to higher ground, far back from the marshy banks and 
misty atmosphere of the river. See the great $50,000 tele- 
scope, made in the United States ; the smaller and older 
telescope, from Munich ; and the chronometer room, 
whence correct time is furnished daily by telegraph to the 
whole country. 

Washington Circle. — A small round park at Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue and 23d street, six squares further back from 
the the river than the observatory. See Mills' equestrian 
statue of General Washington at the battle of Princeton, 
the face being an excellent likeness. 

Georgetown College. — From the Circle, proceed along 
Pennsylvania Avenue beyond 26th street, and over the 
bridge into Georgetown ; thence along Bridge street, turn- 
ing to the right into High street, and to the left when Dun- 
barton street is reached. This is a Jesuit college, of high 
reputation and over ninety years old. See the library, 
laboratory, and museum. 

Oak Hill Cemetery. — Go back along Dunbarton street 
from the college, past High street two squares, and turn to 
the left into Washington street. The cemetery is four 
squares beyond Dunbarton street. It is beautiful both by 



2 2 BRITISH txMBASSY AND SCOTT STA'JLJE. 

nature and by art. See the chapel, also the graves of Chief 
Justice Chase and Secretary Stanton. 

Castle Stewart. — From Oak Hill go back along Wash- 
ington street, turning left into West street, and so along over 
the bridge into P street, Washington. Keep along P street 
past 20th, till a circle is reached — then to the left, fronting 
on the circle, observe the large creamy-colored "building. 
This w^as erected and magnificently furnished by Senator 
vStewart, of Nevada, who was connected with the famous 
" Emma Mine" transaction. It has been badly damaged 
by fire, and has proved a sad loss and disappointment to the 
owner. 

British Embassy. — To the right and front of Castle 
Stewart lies a broad and handsome thoroughfare, with a 
street car track in it. This is Connecticut Avenue, and a 
short way down, on the right, is a large brick house with a 
carriage -porch surmounted by the Lion and Unicorn, and 
the imperial crown on the gateway lamps. This is the 
residence of the British Minister, and the property of the 
British Government, and by the public law concerning am- 
bassadors, as much British territory and as foreign to the 
United States as though it were in London. 

Scott Statue. — This lies in front of the British embassy, 
between two and three squares distant. Proceed along N 
street. The statue is by Brown, of New York, and the 
figure looks directly toward the President's house. 

Louise Home. — Go along Massachusetts Avenue to the 
left and front of the Scott statue, and a short distance 
down, on the right-hand side of the avenue, observe a large 
brick building with the above name inscribed on it. This 
is a home for ladies in reduced circumstances, established 
by Mr. Corcoran, a citizen of Washington, in memory of 
his deceased wife and daughter, and is named after them. 



LAFAYETTE SQUARE. 23 

Thomas Statue. — To the right of the Louise Home, in 
a large circular space, observe the magnificent bronze statue 
of General George H. Thomas, erected by the Society of 
the Army of the Cumberland in memory of the " Rock of 
Chickamauga," in November, 1879. 

Franklin Square. — This is a handsome park, lying two 
squares to the front and slightly to the left of the Thomas 
statue. Opposite its northeast corner stands the Franklin 
School, regarded as one of the finest public school build- 
ings in the country. Apply to the janitor for information 
and a view of it. 

McPherson Statue. — Leave Franklin Square by I or 
K street, walk away from the direction of the schoolhouse, 
and at the next street beyond the extremity of the Square 
see this eque^tiian statue, erected by the Society of the 
Army of the Tennessee, in memory of its slain commander. 

Farragut Statue. — This stands in an open space two 
squares to the left-hand of the McPherson statue. It is by 
Vinnie Ream Hoxie, of Washington. 

Corcoran Art Gallery. — From the Farragut statue, pro- 
ceed along 17th street towards the new War Department 
building, looming up between two and three squares off. 
At the comer of 17th street and Pennsylvania Avenue 
stands the Art Gallery, a handsome brick and stone build- 
ing, the gift of Mr. Corcoran to his fellow-citizens of 
Washington. Admission free on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 
Saturdays ; on other days, 25 cents. Purchase a catalogue 
of the janitor, inside the door, or it will be impossible to 
examine the magnificent collection of statuary, bronzes, 
pottery, curiosities, and paintings enjoyably or intelli- 
gently. 

Lafayette Square. — One square to the left of the Art 
Gallen', opposite the President's house, is this lovely park, 



24 PATENT OFFICE. 

planted with rare trees and shnib.s. In the centre, observe 
Mills' statue of General Jackson at New Orleans, cast from 
ordnance captured in that battle. The rearing hoi-se is not 
supported or held by anything but his two hind feet ; the 
sculptor alleging that the only trick consists in a close 
study and copy of the living horse when rearing. Observe 
the twin bronze vases, copied after an ancient Grecian urn. 

Department of Justice. — This Department occupies 
the building of the ill-fated Freedmen's Bank, just beyond 
Lafayette Square, and opposite the north front of the Treas- 
ury. See portraits of various Atttorney-Generals of the 
United Stales in the Attorney-General's room. 

Army Medical Museum.^From the Department of 
of Justice, cross to the Treasury and proceed along its old, 
dingy-looking front half-way down, then turn to the left 
into F street. Proceed along F street five squares to loth 
street, turn to the right, and on the left-hand side of loth 
near F street, see a lai-ge, plain brick building. This is the 
old Ford's Theatre, wherein President Lincoln was mur- 
dered. The medical and surgical museum is on the third 
floor, and open to the public. Many curious specimens are 
contained in it. Medical men will be interested in the 
library and the portraits of eminent physicians. Observe, 
across the street, the small brick house with a marble tablet 
let into the front wall, announcing that President Lincoln 
died therein. 

Patent Office. — Return to F street and turn to the right, 
and one square distant, see the Patent Office building. This 
covers two squares of ground, and the front on G street is 
especially majestic. The building and contents were greatly 
injured by fire in 1877. See the model-rooms on second 
floor, including among their contents the Washington 
relics, Franklin's printing press, and Lincoln's model. 



SIGHTS IN THE SUBURBS. 25 

Genecal Post-Office. — A handsome marble building, 
across F street, from the Patent office. Get permit at 
the Finance Bureau to visit the Dead Letter Office, and see 
also Dr. Franklin's account-book as Postmaster-General of 
the United Colonies. 

Washington Central Market. — Leaving the Post- 
Office Department, travel away from the Patent Office by 
7th or 8th street to Pennsylvania Avenue, when the market 
building is seen across the street, fronted by a small park 
and lake. A visit to this handsome and spacious market on 
any Tuesday, Thursday, or Saturday morning is well worth 
making. 

SIGHTS IN THE SUBURBS. 

Government Insane Asylum. — Cross the Anacostia 
to right and rear of the Navy Yard by a handsome bridge, 
and take road to right for about three-quarters of a mile. 
Street-cars start from steamboat wharves at 6th and 7th 
streets and pass Navy Yard near to Marine Barracks, cross 
the bridge, and discharge passengers within little more than 
a quarter mile of Asylum. Visitors admitted only on 
Wednesdays from 2 to 6 p. m. Insane of army and navy, 
and indigent insane of District of Columbia, admitted free. 
A very interesting and beautiful place. 

Mount Olivet Cemetery. — On the Bladensburg pike, 
one mile to the right and slightly to the rear of the Eman- 
cipation group in Lincoln Square. A burial ground for 
Roman Catholics, containing many interesting graves and 
monuments, which the gate-keeper will indicate. Mrs. 
Surratt and Captain Wirz, of Andersonville prison, are 
buried here. 

Reform School. — On the right side of the Bladensburg 
pike, 1 1^ miles beyond Mount Olivet; a public reformatory 
for boys. 



26 SIGHTS IN THE SUBURBS. 

Bladensburg. — An ancient village, 2^ miles beyond 
the Reforai School, on the Bladensburg pike. Inquire for 
the battle-ground where the American militia made such a 
wretched defense in 1 8 14, leaving Washington to be occu- 
pied and partly destroyed by a British force. Inquire for 
the dueling-ground, where many noted Americans have 
fought, and where Commodore Decatur and Congressman 
Cilley, of Maine, were slain. Trains run from Washington 
:o Bladensburg, from the depot near the Capitol, many 
:mes a day. 

Howard University. — Stand on 7th street, so as to 
have the Patent and Post -Office buildings on the left-hand, 
and go straight forward for i^miles. The buildings stand 
on the right of the 7th street road. This is a college 
for colored youths, founded by the Freedmen's Bureau. 

Soldiers' Home. — From Howard University return to 
7th street road and go nearly a mile further out, then turn 
to the right down a tree-planted lane and go along till a 
gate is encountered. This is an asylum for aged soldiers 
of the Regular Army, standing in an extensive park of sur- 
passing loveliness. The leading objects of interest are the 
swans, the hospital, the " home" building, the summer cot- 
tages of the President and Secretary of War, the English 
farm-yard, and the avenue of maples and evergreens. The 
park is the fashionable carriage-drive in pleasant weather. 
Adjoining the park, near the " home" building, is a national 
cemetery, wherein some 5,500 Union soldiers are buried. 
It will repay a visit. 

Rock Creek Church. — An ancient Episcopal church, 
nearly adjacent to the national cemetery, and to the right of 
it when standing with back to the cemetery. The church 
Bible, still in use, is 154 years old. The cemetery contains 
several interesting graves, tombs, vaults, and monuments. 



SIGHTS IN THE SUBURiiS. 27 

Cabin-John Bridge, — About 7 miles beyond George- 
town College, by the road skirting the river. This is one 
j)f the famous bridges of the world. It spans Cabin-John's 
creek by a single arch of 220 feet diameter. Its use is to 
carry the aqueduct which supplies Washington with water 
across the valley of the creek. This aqueduct is a brick 
:ylinder nine feet inside diameter, 12 miles long, and is 
capable of delivering into reservoirs 8o,ooo,coo gallons of 
water a day. The bridge and the aqueduct are the work 
of Quartermaster- General Meigs, and are regarded as won- 
ders of engineering skill. Five other bridges and twelve 
tunnels are also used in the conveyance of the aqueduct. 
The aqueduct is right under the carriage-road along which 
the visitor travels. 

Great Falls of Potomac. — A series of grand cascades 
in the Potomac river, about 7 miles above Cabin-John 
bridge. Near the falls the aqueduct commences. 

Arlington. — Cross the Potomac river at Georgetown by 
the long wooden bridge below the college, and follow the 
road to the left about a mile. Arlington House was the 
residence of Robert E. Lee before the war. During the 
war the government converted the grounds into a national 
cemetery. The graves of some 16,000 soldiers are in this 
cemetery, including the 21 11 unknown buried beneath the 
great granite tomb surmounted by cannon. Nobody misses 
Arlington. 

Signal Camp of Instruction. — This camp is at Fort 
Whipple, only a short distance from Arlington, and a visit 
to it will give an idea of the kind of defenses with which 
Washington was completely encircled during the war. 

Alexandria. — A city of Virginia seven miles below 
Washington, on the Potomac river, accessible hourly by 
ferry-boat and railroad, and once an important centre of 



28 RAILROADS, STEAMBOATS. 

shipping and the carrying trade. Inquire the way to Christ 
church, see the pews of Washington and General Lee, and 
some interesting old tombstones in the church-yard. 

Mount Vernon. — Nine miles below Alexandria, on the 
Virginia side of the Potomac. Accessible by steamer 
*' W. W. Corcoran" from foot of 7th street, Washington, 
eveiy week-day at 10 o'clock. The journey down the river 
gives fine views of the Arsenal grounds, the Insane Asy- 
lum, Alexandria, and Fort Washington. See the tombs of 
Washington and his wife Martha in the open vault ; also 
the Mansion House and contents. Eveiything of interest 
is pointed out and explained to the visitors in a body after 
their debarkation from the steamboat. No stranger should 
leave Washington without visiting Mount Vernon. It is 
almost as if Washington had but just left it. 

RAILROADS. 

Baltimore and Ohio. — All important points North, 
East and West. Depot, New Jersey avenue and C street, 
to left and rear of Capitol. 

Baltimore and Potomac. — All important points 
North, East, West and South. Depot, Sixth and B 
streets, just off from Pennsylvania avenue, six squares to 
rear of Capitol and grounds. 

See any Washington newspaper for time and destination 
of departing trains. 

STEAMBOATS. 

New York. — By sea-going vessels every Friday morn- 
ing from Georgetown. Ticket office, 1416 F street. 

Norfork and Fort Monroe. — Monday, Wednesday 
and Friday afternoons, from foot of Sixth street. 

Alexandria. — Every hour from foot of Seventh street, 
Potomac Ferry-house. 



STREET-RAILWAYS. 29 

Potomac River Settlements. — Every Sunday, Mon- 
day, Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday morning, from foot 
of Sixth and Seventh streets. Many old colonial towns 
and settlements are thus accessible, making interesting 
excursions for those who have time and are fond of visiting 
quaint and remote neighborhoods. 

Mount Vernon, — Steamer "W. W. Corcoran" from 
foot of Seventh street, daily, at ten o'clock. 

STREET-RAILWAYS. 

Belt Line. — Begins on Maryland avenne, to rear and 
right of Capitol grounds, and ends at same place. Passes 
by or near National Museum, Smithsonian, Agricultural 
Department, Washington Monument, Carp Ponds, Bureau 
of Engraving and Printing, Treasury, Capitol, Naval 
Monument and Botanic Garden. 

Columbia Line. — Begins at Treasury, near Depart- 
ment of Justice, and ends at beginning of Bladensburg 
pike, ly^ miles to front and left of Capitol. Passes by or 
uear Franklin Square and Government Printing Office, and 
four squares from Deaf and Dumb Institution, and half 
mile from Mount Olivet Cemetery. 

Metropolitan Line. — From Georgetown, near the Col- 
lege, to Lincoln Park. Branches from Senate wing to 
State Department; from Seventh street, half mile inside 
from Howard University, to Potomac river, foot Four and 
a Half street, i^ miles to right and somewhat to rear of 
Capitol, and from terminus at Seventh street to near Sol- 
diers' Home and Rock Creek church. Passes by or near 
Oak Hill Cemetery, Castle Stewart, British Legation, Scott 
Statue, Louise Home, Farragut Statue, McPherson Statue, 
Lafayette Square, Corcoran Art Gallery, State, War and 
Navy Departments, President's House, Department of Jus- 



30 HOTELS. 

tice, Treasury, Army Medical Museum, Patent Office, Post 
Office, Capitol, Washington Market, Howard University, 
Railroad Depots and Steamboat Wharves. 

Washington and Georgetown Line. — From George- 
town, at Bridge street, six squares on Washington side of 
the College* to Navy Yard. Branches from Seventh street, 
half mile inside Howard University, to steamboat wharves 
on Potomac river at Sixth and Seventh streets, and from 
Treasury, near Department of Justice, to Fourteenth street 
and city boundary. Passes by or near Washington Circle, 
Corcoran Art Gallery, Lafayette Square, Department of 
Justice, State, War and Navy Departments, Pi-esident's 
House, Treasury, Army Medical Museum, Washington 
Market, Botanic Garden, Naval Monument, Capitol, Marine 
Barracks, Patent Office, Post Office, National Museum, 
Smithsonian, Franklin Square, McPherson Statue, Thomas 
Statue, Louise Home, Scott Statue, Railroad Depots and 
Steamboat Wharves. 

Connections. — Transfer tickets for branch lines given 
on Metropolitan and Washington and Georgetown lines. 
Each of the four lines crosses all the rest, but in such com- 
plex ways that inquiry must be made of any policeman, 
shop-keeper, conductor or driver. 

HOTELS. 

American House. — Pennsylvania avenue and 7th 
^street. 

Arlington. — Vermont avenue and H street, near Lafay- 
ette Square. 

Boyle's Hotel. — C street, near Baltimore & Ohio R. R. 
depot. 

Congressional Hotel. — New Jersey avenue, opposite 
Coast Survey office. 



HOTELS. 31 

Continental. — Pennsylvania avenue, near 3d street. 

Ebbitt House. — F street, near Treasury. 

Emmet House. — New Jersey avenue, opposite Balti- 
more and Ohio R. R. depot. 

Globe House. — F and 12th streets, between Treasury 
and Patent Office. 

Hamilton House. — K and 14th streets, opposite 
Franklin Square. 

Hiilman House. — North Capitol street, near Capitol. 

Holmes House. — New Jersey avenue, opposite Balti- 
more & Ohio R. R. depot. 

Howard House. — Pennsylvania avenue and 6th street. 

Imperial Hotel. — Fronting Pensylvania avenue, one 
and a half squares below Treasury. 

Mades' Hotel. — Pennsylvania avenue and 3d street. 

Metropolitan. — Pennsylvania avenue, near 7th street. 

Meyer's Hotel. — Pennsylvania avenue, near Four and 
a Half street. 

National Hotel. — Pennsylvania avenue and Sixth 
street. 

Owen House. — Pennsylvania avenue, near Fifteenth 
street. 

Riggs House. — Fifteenth street, opposite Treasury. 

St. Charles. — Pennsylvania avenue and Third street. ^ 

St. James. — Pennsylvania avenue and Sixth street. 

St. Marc. — Pennsylvania avenue and Seventh street. 

Tremont House, — Indiana avenue, near Baldmore and 
Ohio R. R. depot. 

>A^ashington House. — Pennsylvania avenue and Third 
street. 



32 



CHURCHES. 



Willard's Hotel. — Pennsylvania avenue and Four- 
teenth street, 

Wormley's Hotel. — H and Fifteenth streets, near 
Lafayette square. 



Note. — The Arlington, Ebbitt, Riggs, Metropolitan, Na- 
tional and Willard's are the first-class general hotels. The 
Hamilton House and Wormley's are first-class family hotels, 
of a more private character than those just named.' The 
Imperial and Washington are somew^hat lower-priced than 
the other leading hotels. The St. James and Tremont 
are the leading hotels of the second-class for transient 
patronage. Several good hotels are included in the re- 
mainder of the list. 

CHURCHES. 

Baptist. — Calvary, H and 8th streets; First Church, 
13th near H street. 

Catholic. — St. Aloysius, North Capitol and I streets ; 
St. Matthew's, H and 15th streets. 

Christian. — Vermont Avenue and N street (General 
Garfield's church.) 

Congregational. — G and loth streets. 

Episcopal. — Ascension, Massachusetts Avenue and 1 2th 
street, near Thomas Statue ; Epiphany, G near 14th street, 
below Treasury; St. John's, H and 1 6th streets, opposite 
Lafayette Square. 

Hebrew. — Orthodox, G and 6th streets ; Reformed, 8th 
above H street : both near Patent Ofiice. 

Lutheran. — Memorial, N and 14th streets, near Thomas 
Statue. 

Methodist. — Foundry, G and 14th streets, near Treas- 



'- M, 




THEATRES. 33 

ury ; Metropolitan, C and Four and a Half streets, near 
Pennsylvania Avenue. 

Presbyterian. — First, Four and a Half street, near 
Louisiana Avenue ; New York Avenue, New York Avenue 
near 14th street. 

Quaker. — I near iSth street. 

Swedenborgian. — North Capitol street, near Capitol. 

Unitarian. — All Souls, L and 14 streets, near Thomas 
Statue. 

Universalist. — Talmadge Hall, F near loth street. 



Note. — The above-named are either the only qk the best 
known churches of the several denominations. 

THEATRES. 

National Theatre. — Fronting Pennsylvania Avenue 
near 14th street, below Treasury Department. 

Ford's Opera House. — Adjoining Pennsylvania Ave- 
nue at Ninth street, near Central Market. 

Theatre Comique. — Eleventh Street below Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue. (Not visited by ladies.) 

SOCIETIES. 

Freemasons. — Masonic Temple, F and 9th streets, near 
Patent Office. Grand Secretary and janitor on premises, 
and will give all necessary information about lodges and 
leading men of the order. 

Odd-Fellows. — Odd-Fellows' Hall, 7th street between 
Pennsylvania Avenue and Post-Office Department. In- 
quii-e of Grand Secretary or janitor, on premises, for all 
information. 

Knights of Pythias.— Inquire of J. T. Coldwell, 806 
F street, or Halvor Nelson, 13 19 9th street. N. W. 



34 



SOCIETIES. 



Temperance. — Temperance Hall, 9th near E street. 
Inquire on premises for information about leading members 
of various orders. 

Grand Army of the Republic. — Grand Army Hall, 
9th and D streets. Inquire on premises of janitor, or of 
J. O. P. Burnside, Post-Office Department, Paul Brodie, 
Pension Bureau, or Charles C. Royce, 816 F street. 

Boys in Blue. — Inquire of E. C. Ford, S02 F street, 
Paul Brodie, Pension Bureau, or George Truesdell, 605 7th 
street. 

Mexican War Veterans. — Inquire of A. M. Kenaday, 
621 H street. 

Young Men's Christian Association. — Hall, corner 
D and 9th streets, near Pennsylvania x\venue. Officers 
always m attendance. 

Legal Society. — Bar Association. Inquire of Enoch 
Totten, L. G. Hine, or William A. Maury, all in vicinity 
ot court house, Louisiana Avenue, opposite Four and a 
Half street. 

Medical Societies.— Inquire of Dr. J. French Harti- 
gan. No. 1 1 25 14th street. 

Musical Societies. — Inquire of S. E. Middleton, 1427 
F street. 

English Society of St. George.— St. George's Hall, 
nth near F street. Inquire of C. B. Brookes, office of 
Secretary of War, or Charles F. Benjamin, Corcoran Build- 
ing. 

French Society. — Inquire of N. Demongeot, No. 616 
9th street. 

German Society. — Inquire of Charles Schneider, No. 
413 I .street. 

Irish Society of St. Patrick. — Inquire at Cosmopoli- 
tan Hall, E and Eighth streets. 



PROMINENT RESIDENTS. 35 

Italian Society. — Inquire of Aiigelo Ghiselli, No. 1730 
Pennsylvania avenue. 

Scotch Society of St. Andrew. — Inquire of William 
Saunders, Agricultural Department, or George Cowie, 
Treasury Department. 

Swiss Society. — Inquire at Swiss Consulate, Penn- 
sylvania avenue and Tenth street. 



PROMINENT RESIDENTS OF WASHINGTON FROil THE 
SEVERAL STATES. 

NEW ENGLAND STATES. 

Maine. — Thomas J. Hobbs, Sumner I. Kimball and 
Thomas B. Sanders, Office of Secretary of Treasury ; 
W. H. Mills, Fourth Auditor's Office ; Hon. E. B. Smith, 
Department of Justice ; J. W. Babson, Patent Office. 

New Hampshire. — Honorables J. K. Upton, J. H. 
Ela and Charles Chesley, Treasury Department ; James I. 
Christie, Senate doorkeeper. 

Vermont. — Hon. A. O. Aldis, French and American 
Claims Commission ; Edwin S. Collamer, Office of Register 
of Treasury; John B. Parker, Bureau of Statistics; Peter 
Collier, Agricultural Department; Charles W. Bradbury, 
Office of Commissioner of Customs. 

Massachusetts. — Honorables William A. Richardson, 
Court of Claims, Henry F. French, Treasurj' Department, 
and Charles Payson, State Department ; Joseph H. Robin- 
son, Office of Solicitor of Treasury ; James G. Hill, Super- 
vising Architect's Office ; Dr. Charles F. Macdonald, Post 
Office Department. 



^6 PROMINENT RESIDENTS. 

Rhode Island. — Hon. William Hunter, State Depart- 
ment ; Francis J. Lippitt, Department of Justice. 

Connecticut. — Hon. James Gilfillan, United States 
Treasury; General Francis A. Walker, Census Office; 
Charles H. Brown, Eugene B. Daskam and George N. 
Lamphere, Office of Secretary of Treasury. 

MIDDLE STATES. 

New York. — Honorables Charles C. Nott, Court of 
Claims, Thomas Simons, Department of Justice, Alonzo 
Bell, Interior Department, and Orange Ferriss, Treasury 
Department; Sevallon A. Brown, State Department; 
George M. Lockwood, Interior Department; Charles W. 
Seaton, Census Office ; James A. Dumont and Charles E. 
Coon, Office of Secretary of Treasury. 

New Jersey. — O. L. Pruden, Executive Mansion. 
Joseph H. Blackfan, Post Office Department; EL A. Car- 
man, Department of Agriculture. 

Pennsylvania. — Honorables Glenni W. Scofield and 
Henry C. Johnson, Treasury Department, Joseph K. 
McCammon, Interior Department, and Abraham D. Hazen, 
Post Office Department; Henry C. Rogers, Internal Rev- 
enue Office; Joseph T. Power and Henry A. Cobaugh, 
Treasury Department; Henry T. Crosby, War Depart- 
ment; S. W. Curriden, Bureau of Engraving and Printing. 

Delaware. — Thomas E. Roach, Post Office Depart- 
ment; James H. Pierce and George P. Fisher, jr. Patent 
Office. 

Maryland. — Hon. A. B. Hagner, U. S. Judge; Sur- 
geon-General Philip S. Wales and Chief Engineer William 
H. Shock, Navy Department; Charles W. Hoffinan, 
Library of Congress ; Charles Cochrane and James S. 
Crawford, Post Office Department; Edwin W. Wilson, U. 



PROMINENT RESIDENTS. 37 

S. Treasurer's Office; Edward M. Dawson, Department of 
Interior. 

WESTERN STATES. 

Ohio. — Hons. M. R. Waite, Supreme Court, William 
Lawrence, Treasury Department, J. M. McGrew, Post 
Office Department, and Charles P, James, U. S. Judge ; A. 
K. Spofford, Library of Congress; W. A. Knapp, Post 
Office Department ; A. J. Bentley, Department of Justice ; 
Webster Elmes, Office of Solicitor of Treasury; Darius 
Lyman and C. W. Clark, Office of Secretary of Treasury ; 
Daniel Wilson, Bureau of Engraving and Printing ; A. T. 
Childs, Government Printing Office, 

Indiana. — Hons. James M. Tyner and Thomas J. 
Brady, Post Office Department; Commodore R. L. Law, 
Navy Department; A. K. Tingle, Office of Secretary of 
Treasury; Jerome C. Burnett, U. S. Treasurer's Office; 
William A. Anderson, Engineer Bureau of War Depart- 
ment. 

Illinois. — Hons. Horatio C. Burchard and Green B, 
Raum, Treasury Department; J. E. Hilgard and J. W. 
Porter, Coast Survey ; C. C. Sympson, Senate Clerk ; Dr. 
John B. Hamilton, Marine Hospital Bureau; James S. 
Delano, Second Comptrollers Office ; O. L. Pitney, Treas- 
ury Superintendency. 

Michigan. — Hons. Edgar M. Marble, Patent Office, and 
Edwin W. Keightley, Treasury Department; Henry H. 
Smith, Clerk's Office, House of Representatives ; William 
Fletcher and Milford F. Lackey, Office of Secretary of 
Treasury. 

Wisconsin.— Hon. Matt. PL Carpenter, 1330 F street, 
and A. U. Wyman, Treasury Department; H. A. Lock- 
wood, Office of Commissioned^ of Customs ; A. T. Gray, 



38 PROMINENT RESIDENTS. 

Department of Justice ; John Jameson, Post Office De- 
partment ; General H. E. Paine, 412 Fifth street. 

Minnesota. — Hons. John Jay Knox, Treasury Depart- 
ment, and William G. Le Due, Agricultural Department; 
William H. Doolittle, 703 7th street ; Robert F. Crowell, 
Sixth Auditor's Office ; John G. Macgregor, Office of Sec- 
retary of Treasury; Charles King, No. 916 F street. 

Iowa. — Hons. Samuel F. Miller, Supreme Court, and 
James A. Williamson, Department of Interior; Henry 
O'Connor, State Department; George B. Corkhill, District 
Attorney's Office ; George Cowie, Treasury Department ; 
R. L. B. Clarke, Patent Office ; Arthur H. Bissell, Post 
Office Department. 

Nebraska. — O. H. Irish, Bureau of Engraving and 
Printing; Thomas C. Tipton, Patent Office. 

Kansas. — E. J. Dallas, Post-Office Department; Rich- 
ard Joseph, Interior Department ; Edward Wolcott, office 
of Comptroller of Currency ; Harvey Spalding, Corcoran 
Building. 

Missouri. — Hon Charles D. Drake, Court of Claims; 
Dr. Charles V. Riley, Interior Department ; John B. Clark, 
District Government Office ; Major Thomas H, Bradley, 
War Department. 

SOUTHERN STATES. 

Virginia. — George Bartle, State Department; William 
P. Moran, Navy Department ; John Q. Larman, Bureau of 
Engraving and Printing; P. E. Wilson, Patent Office; 
Isaac C. Slater, Post-Office Department; L. Q. Washing- 
ton, Corcoran Building; J. Ambler Smith, 501 D street. 

North Carolina. — Hon. Samuel F. Phillips, Depart- 
ment of Justice; Benjamin S. Hedrick, Patent Office; 
Allen Rutherford, Corcoran Building; William M. Cole- 
man, 470 Louisiana Avenue. 



PROMINENT RESIDENTS. 39 

South Carolina. — St. Julian B. Dapray and James P. 
Low, Office of Supervising Architect ; W. W, Plnney, De- 
partment of Agriculture; Rollin H. Kirk, Office of Com- 
missioner of Customs ; James Lowndes, 629 F street. 

Georgia. — Hon. William B. Woods, Supreme Court; 
George A. Gustin, Executive Mansion ; Philip Carroll, 
State Department ; John P. Butler, Office of Secretary of 
Treasury. 

Alabama. — Hon, Robert M. Reynolds, Treasury De- 
partment ; Mark D. Brainerd, Interior Department ; Paul 
Arnold, Patent Office; Charles Pelham, 458 Louisiana Av- 
enue; Philip Phillips, 603 Louisiana Avenue. 

Mississippi. — Hon. Kenneth Rayner and Jonathan Tar- 
bell, Treasury Department; George E. Harris, 519 7th 
street, 

Louisiana. — Hon. William H, Hunt, Court of Claims; 
George A. Sheridan, Recorder's Office; Revere W, Gur- 
ley, Post-Office Department ; Henry C, Clarke, Internal 
Revenue Bureau; A. C. Janin, 141 1 G street. 

Arkansas. — Albert Pike, 602 D street; M. La Rue 
Harrison and A. S. Lynch, Post-Office Department ; Archi- 
bald Young, Indian Office; Lucien J. Barnes, Bureau of 
Statistics. 

Tennessee. — Honorables A. A. Freeman, Post-Office 
Department, and John Eaton, Bureau of Education ; John 
W. Hogg, and W. S. McNairy, Navy Department; R. J. 
Meigs, United States Court House ; John B. Brownlow, 
Post-Office Department; C. 0. Nicholson, Board of Health ; 
W, M. F'tzgerald, Adjutant-General's Office, 

Kentucky. — Hon. John M. Harlan, Supreme Court; 
Major G. C. Goodloe, Marine Barracks ; George L. Ber- 
dan, State Department ; Wythe Denby, Navy Department ; 
Daniel G. Hatch, Treasuiy Su^erintendency. 



40 PROMINENT RESIDENTS. 

West Virginia. — Theophilus Gaines, Pension Agency ; 
Wilson J. Vance, Interior Department; William A. Wid- 
ney, Office of Secretary of Treasury ; Thomas E. Rogers, 
Office of United States Treasurer. 

PACIFIC STATES. 

California. — Hon. S. J. Field, Supreme Court ; George 
C. Gorham, " National Republican" office; Carlile P. Pat- 
terson, Coast-Survey ; Robert J. Stevens, House Committee 
on Appropriations; Isaac S. Tichenor, Third Auditor's 
Office; George Francis Dawson, Corcoran Building; Theo- 
dore F. Dwight, State Department. 

Oregon. — Hon. William W. Upton, Treasury Depart- 
ment ; R. B. Detrick, Fifth Auditor's Office. 

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF PRESIDENTIAL 
INAUGURATIONS. 

GEORGE WASHINGTON. 

On the first day of May, 1789, George Washington, who 
had arrived in New York from Mount Vernon, was es- 
corted by a troop of cavalry, a battalion of foot-militia, and 
a joint committee of Congress, from his lodgings at Frank- 
lin Square to the Federal building, where the United States 
Sub-Treasury now stands, and there met the two houses of 
Congress in the Senate chamber. A procession was then 
formed and moved to the balcony in front of the building, 
where, with uncovered head and uplifted hand, the Presi- 
dent-elect repeated, sentence by sentence, the oath of 
fidelity to the Constitution, propounded to him by Chancel- 
lor Livingston. Then, after he had reverently kissed the 
Bible tendered by the Chancellor, the latter turned to the 
eager multitude below and cried : " Long live General 
W^ashington, President of the United States ! " The people 
shouted, "Hurra!" and clapped their hands; handker- 



PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 41 

chiefs were waved by the ladies, cannon were fired and 
bells rung. In the evening there were illuminations, bon- 
fires, and two grand balls, both of which the President 
attended ; and altogether a more truly happy and popular 
celebration has never been. A group of statuary is to be 
erected at the Sub-Treasury in commemoration of this in- 
auguration. 

Washington's second inauguration was at Philadelphia, 
Monday, March 4th, 1793. In accordance with his own 
view, and that of all his Cabinet, except Jefferson (who was 
opposed to all pomp and display), he took the oath of 
office in the Senate chamber, in the presence of Congress, 
the Cabmet, the Supreme Court, and the Diplomatic Corps. 
Washington was in full costume of black velvet, with pow- 
dered hair, dress-sword and chapeau. After delivering an 
address, he went in procession to hear divine service at the 
church of St. Paul, attended by the two houses of Congress, 
and with a military escort, the President riding in a fine 
chariot, especially made and presented to him for the occa- 
sion. At night, the event was celebrated by illuminations 
and fireworks; also by a reception at die Presidential 
mansion on Chestnut street. 

JOHN ADAMS. 

President Adams was inaugurated in the Representatives' 
chamber at Philadelphia, Saturday, March 4th, 1797. He 
was very unwell, but managed to go through the ceremony. 
Being seated in the Speaker's chair, with the new President 
of the Senate (Mr. Jefferson) and the Secretaiy of the S'^nate 
on his right hand, the Speaker and Clerk of the Hou'^e on 
his left hand, and the Cabinet, Supreme Court, Congress 
and Diplomatic Body (with a number of distingu/shed 
military and naval officers), seated in front of him, he 
rose, bowed, and tlien read his inaugural address. 'Oi^y* 



42 PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 

he advanced to the Chief Justice, who administered the 
oath, after which he resumed his seat, and shortly after- 
wards retired. General Washington sat at his right hand, 
and, at the close of the ceremonies, gracefully but firmly 
resisted the courteous attempt of Vice-President Jefferson 
to give him precedence over everybody but the new Presi- 
dent in leaving the chamber, Had he accepted or yielded 
to this courtesy, a definite social I'ank would have become 
attached to the person of an ex-President, and General 
Grant and his hosts would have been saved from much 
perplexity during his tour around the world. 

THOMAS JEFFERSON. 

Mr. Jefiferson had chafed at, and sneered at, and derided 
the monarchical tastes of Washington and Adams, as ex- 
hibited at their inaugurations ; so that when his own time 
came he notified the Speaker of the House of his intention 
to take the oath of office in the Senate chamber, on Wednes- 
day, March 4th, 1801. The government was now located 
at Washington, At the appointed time he made his way to 
the Capitol on horseback, alone, and clad in an undress 
suit. He fastened his horse himself to the wooden palings 
of the Capitol, and entered the Senate chamber without 
ceremony. Vice-President Aaron Burr gave up to him the 
chair, and seated himself at the right hand of it — Chief 
Justice Marshall being on the left. Having delivered his 
inaugural and taken the oath in the presence of the great 
number crowding the chamber, he repaired to the Execu- 
tive Mansion, and received those who chose to call upon 
him. The ex-President left the city before the inaugura- 
tion, and the Speaker of the House went with him. 

Four years after this event Jefferson's second inaugura- 
tion occurred in the same chamber, with somewhat more 
of stateliness than before, the President himself this time 



PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 43 

wearing a dress-coat, scarlet waistcoat, knce-hreechcs, silk 
stockings and buckled shoes. 

JAMES MADISON. 

March 4th, 1809, was the date of Madison's inaugura- 
tion, and the hall of Representatives was finished in time 
for the ceremony. There was a distinguished and splendid- 
looking company present, and a full-dress reception fol- 
lowed at the White House, the President being assisted by 
Mrs. Madison, the founder of the social etiquette which 
exists at the capital to this day. 

Madison's second inauguration occurred March 4th, 
1 8 13, seventeen months before the destruction of the 
Capitol and White House by the British forces. He was 
escorted by a considerable body of dragoons, and the 
militia of the District were drawn up, and presented arms 
to him as he reached the Capitol. At night there was an 
inauguro.tion ball at Davis' hotel. 

JAMES MONROE. 

Thursday, March 4th, 181 7, the President-elect was 
escorted by a civic cavalcade to the Capitol, where the local 
militia awaited him. Arrived at the Senate-chamber, a 
procession was fonned and moved out to a platform in front 
of the Capitol, where the inaugural address was delivered 
and the oath taken, followed by salutes at the arsenal and 
navy yard. There was an inauguration ball at night. 

Monroe's second inauguration was on Monday, March 
5th, 1 821. A deep snow lay on the ground, and the cere- 
mony took place in the hall of Representatives, to which 
all of the public were admitted that could get in after the 
official classes had been provided with seats. The Presi- 
dent read his inaugural from the Speaker's platform, and 
the Chief Justice, in his silken gown, stood by his side 



44 PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 

and slightly to the rear of him during the reading. Tlie 
Marine Band was present. 

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. 

Mr. Adams was escorted to the Capitol Friday, March 
4th, 1825, by a military and civic procession, and the 
marine corps awaited him at the Capitol. The inaugural 
was read and the oath taken in the hall of Representatives. 
The President-elect read aloud the oath of office from a 
volume of the United States statutes, handed to him by 
Chief Justice Marshall. The procession returned to the 
White House, where an informal i;eception Avas held. Gen- 
eral Jackson was among the first and heartiest greeters of 
the new President after he had taken the oath. 

ANDREW JACKSON. 

General Jackson declined a procession to the Capitol, and 
rode there on horseback, March 4th, 1829. He was there 
met by the United States Marshal and a conjmittee of Con- 
gress, and escorted into the Senate chamber. At noon, the 
President-elect, attended by the Senate, the House of Rep- 
resentatives, the Judges of the Supreme Court, the Diplo- 
matic Corps, and other distinguished persons, came out upon 
the eastern porch of the Capitol, and confronted the largest 
and strangest crowd that Washington had ever contained. 
Salutes were fired, and a procession was gotten together to 
escort the President to the White House, where open house 
was kept the rest of the day. The younger Adams, follow- 
ing his father's example in the time of Jefferson, took no 
part in the installation of his successor. 

Jackson's second inauguration was even less ceremonious 
than his first, besides lacking much of its crowd and en- 
thusiasm. He took the oath inside the Capitol, and deliv- 
ered a short address. This was Tuesday, March 4th, 1833, 



PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 45 

MARTIN VAN BUREN. 

Mr. Van Bux-en's inauguration day, Saturday, March 4tli, 
1837, was bright, warm, and beautiful, like its predecessor 
of eight years ago. General Jackson took his successor in 
his phaeton, built of wood from " Old Ironsides" — a showy 
mass of cavalry and infantry marching before them. Great 
nuinbers of visitors were present at the spectacle. The 
ceremony took place at the east front of the Capitol. Chief 
Justice Marshall, who had " mustered in " all the Presi- 
dents from Jefferson to Jackson, was now in his grave, and 
his successor. Chief Justice Taney, administered the oath 
of office. 

WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. 

This inauguration was much like that of Jackson, twelve 
years before. After a tremendous campaign, the party in 
power had been defeated, and the leader of the victors was 
a rough-and-ready military hero. There was to be a new 
deal of the offices, and the office-seekers were present by 
thousands, and full of noise and enthusiasm. At 10 o'clock 
on Friday, March 4th, 1 84 1, General Harrison started for 
the Capitol on a " milk-white steed," preceded by five mili- 
tary companies. The inaugural address, read from the 
front of the Capitol to a great concourse of people, was ex- 
ceedingly long, and was marked by the new " wrinkle" of 
having the oath administered at a particular stage of it, so 
that the remaining passages were the utterances of an actual 
President. After the arrival at the White House, streams 
of visitors flowed in and out of it for many hours, and the 
poor, tired President afterwards had to visit the theatrical 
perfonnances and balls given in honor of his accession. 

JOHN TYLER. 

President Harrison died in one month after his inaugura- 
tion. Two days later, Vice-President Tyler, in the presence 



48 PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 

Capitol in an open bai-ouche, which was followed by a 
draped and decorated car, emblematical of the Constitution 
and the Union, filled with little girls representing the 
States and Territories. Mr. Lincoln read his address 
from the front of the Capitol, in the voice of a man who 
had never heard of threats against his life. Senator Doug- 
las stood close beside him, and Mr. Buchanan somewhat to 
the rear. At the White House, General Scott personally 
superintended the arrangements for the safe installation of 
the President in his new home. There was the usual 
reception, and at night the customary ball, in a finely 
decorated temporary building, with a grand supper ; but 
people's minds were of too serious a cast, and the ball was 
a failure. 

President Lincoln's second inauguration, Saturday, 
March 4th, 1865, was chiefly distinguished by the seas of 
mud that filled the streets, so as to make walking almost 
impossible, the result of four years' ploughing up by araiy 
wagons and the soaking rain of the day before the inaugu- 
ration. Rumors of something likely to happen filled the 
air, and the authorities and the public were anxious. The 
military escort marched with loaded rifles. Excursion 
parties of officers from the armies of the Potomac and the 
James were present, and the city was overflowing with the 
military class. Three fire companies from Philadelphia 
Avere in the procession. The inauguration address was 
brief, but contained immortal sentences, especially that 
beginning — " With malice towards none." President Lin- 
coln was not in the procession to the Capitol, having spent 
the night there, signing bills ; so that Mrs. Lincoln was the 
only person escorted. Monday night, March 6th, there 
was an inauguration ball in the model-room of the Patent 
Office, attended by 4,000 persons, including Colfax, Sum- 
ner. Farragut and Hooker. The supper and cloak rooms 



PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 49 

were badly managed, causing great discontent and loss to 
visitors. 

ANDREW JOHNSON. 

Vice-President Johnson took the Presidential oath at his 
hotel, Saturday morning, April 15th, 1865, a few hours 
after the deadi of President Lincoln. All the Cabinet ex- 
cept Mr. Seward were present, and General Grant was also 
in attendance. Congress had adjourned the month before. 
The press had not yet ceased discussing the Vice-President's 
extraordinary state aiid behavior at the recent inauguration 
ceremony ; but upon this occa.sion all present were struck 
by the solemn, dignified, earnest, and even pathetic way in 
which Mr. Johnson (figuratively speaking) put on the 
blood-stained robes of tlae Presidency. His language was 
patriotic and statesmanlike, and the high officers present 
felt a great weight lifted from their minds as they left the 
new President alone with his family and personal friends. 

ULYSSES S. GRANT. 

General Grant's inauguration was on Thursday, March 
4th, 1869. The day before was very rainy, and Thursday 
opened with showers. Pennsylvania Avenue had been 
thoroughly cleaned, but was so full of holes and ruts as to 
shake the procession almost to pieces. Never before had 
such crowds thronged the streets and hotels of Washington. 
The procession was exceedingly fine, and was largely made 
up of visiting military and fire companies. The Burgesses 
Corps of Albany and the Good- Will Engine Company of 
Philadelphia were marked features of the parade. Great 
numbers of Boys in Blue (then lately organized) were out, 
and as many as five or six companies of colored Zouaves. 
The personal relations between President Johnson and Gen- 
eral Grant (arising out of Secretary Stanton's case) being 
such as to make it impossible for them to ride together, a 



50 PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 

separate carriage was provided for the President, but he 
refused to occupy it. General Grant rode from army 
headquarters to the Capitol in his own phaeton, with Gen- 
eral Rawlins seated beside him. Prices ranging from ^25 
to ,5150 were freely paid for windows and store-fronts 
along the route. Sherman, Farragut, Thomas, and Han- 
cock, were conspicuous figures in the Senate chamber dur- 
ing the in-door ceremonies, A great ocean of faces con- 
fronted General Grant as he stepped out in front of the 
Capitol to read his inaugural message. The oath of office 
was most impressively administered to him by Chief Justice 
Chase, followed by deafening cheers. The procession re- 
turned along the Avenue to the White House, where thou- 
sands of General Grant's comrades called upon him. The 
inaugural ball was held in the new north wing of the 
Treasury Department — a splendid affair, only tempered by 
the great crush. The profits, $6,000, were donated to the 
Washington Monument Association. 

March 4th, 1873, ^^ill long be remembered for the bitter 
coldness of the day, greatly aggravated by a high, cutting 
M'ind. The arrangements for this inauguration were on a 
scale never before contemplated. Triumphal arches were 
erected at ten points between the White House and the 
Capitol ; Venetian masts, embellished with festoons of flags 
and streamers, lined the broad avenue, making a bewilder- 
ing display and entwinement of colors, and scores of pri- 
vate houses along the route were handsomely decorated. 
Prominent features in the great procession were the battal- 
ions of military and naval cadets from West Point and 
Annapolis, the Marine Corps with its red-coated band, the 
Boston Lancers, the Albany Burgesses Corps, the famous 
Old Guard of New York, the Philadelphia City Troop, 
th^ Duquesne Grays of Pittsburgh, the W^ashington Light 
Infantr)', the Fifth Regiment of New York State Militia in 



PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 5 I 

Prussian helmets, and the Hartranft Club of Philadelphia, 
mounted. President Grant rode in a four-horse barouche, 
attended by a committee of Congress. 

At night there was a grand display of fireworks below 
the Treasury, dazzling illuminations of streets and build- 
ings in the heart of the city, and an inauguration ball in an 
immense building specially erected near the City Hall, 
where the music, decorations and refreshments were on a 
grand scale. Owing to the size of the building and the 
low temperature without, the thermometer indoors was al- 
most down to the freezing point, and overcoats, shawls, 
furs and woolen comforters, and even hats and overshoes, 
were worn by those in attendance. Much suffering was 
caused by the severity of the weather among those partici- 
pating in or employed about the ceremonies and festivities 
of the day, but the President took his share of the general 
discomfort in his usual quiet way, and shirked none of it. 

RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. 

General Hayes was inaugurated on Monday, March 5th, 
1877. Almost up to the day itself it was uncertain what 
would be the outcome of the struggle over the Presidency 
in Congress, so that there was but little time or disposition 
for elaborate preparations. Nevertheless, some fine street 
decorations, in the style of four years before, were gotten 
out in time, and the troops that had been assembled at 
Washington as a precaution against mob-violence made a 
brave show. The President-elect rode to the Capitol ac- 
companied by General Grant and Senator Morrill, and (be- 
cause of a foolish scare gotten up by an enterprising 
office-seeker) with his carriage flanked on each side by a 
number of picked men with loaded revolvers in their 
pockets. The Philadelphia State Fencibles, the Columbus 
Cadets and the Hartranft Club were in the procession, and 



52 PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURATIONS. 

the local militia and fire companies showed finely. The 
taking of the oath was followed by a a salute from a regular 
battery posted near the Capitol. There was the usual re- 
ception at the White House in the afternoon, and a torch- 
light procession of political clubs at night, but no ball. 



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SOXJLE & KOOKOaEY, 

Attorneys-at-Law and Counsel in Patent Causes in 
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N. E. Cor 7[ti and F. Sts., opposite U. S. Pateot Office, 

"WASHING-TOIT, D. C. 



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EVANS' DSNING ROOMS, 

922 and 924 F STREET, 
WASHINGTON, D. C. 




[ESTABLISHED IN 1863.] 

For extent of accommodation, excellence of cooking, number and 
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Mt. VERNON. 



TOMB OF WASHINGTON 




Steamer W. W. Corcoran 

Leaves at foot of Seventh street, lO a. m., 
returning 3:30 p. m., Sundays excepted. 
Allowing passengers 

TWO HOURS AND A HALF 

to visit Mansion and Grounds. 

li. li. BLiAKS, Captain. 



W. H. SELDEN, B. S. ROBBINS, 

Lynchburg, Va. Memphis, Tenn. 




Pennsylvania Ave., betw. 6th and 7tli Streets, 

WASHINGTOIT, D. C. 

The undersigned beg leave to announce to the public, and their 
old Patrons of the Arlington and Norvell, Lynchburg, Va., Arlington, 
Danville, Va., Kimball House, Atlanta, Planter's Hotel, Augusta, 
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Wm. S. Teel, 

MERCHiLia-T TAILOR. 

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morning at 6 o'clock a. m. 

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